Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 707 Download : 455

Main Article Content

Abstract

Aethionema lepidioides Hub.-Mor. is an endangered endemic species in Turkey with a very narrow natural distribution area. The present study aims to reveal the structural features of this species. For this purpose, its unknown morphological features – such as leaf, petal, sepal dimensions and shapes, filament and anther lengths, as well as seed dimensions, shape, colour and micromorphology – have been studied for the first time. To reveal the pollen characteristics of Ae. lepidioides, light microscope and SEM studies were conducted. Additionally, in the present study the anatomical features of Ae. lepidioides were also studied for the first time. The Ae. lepidioides leaves were found to be linear-oblanceolate, with an entire margin and a subacute to obtuse apex. The seeds were found to be dark brown and oval-shaped, with reticulated surface ornamentation. Anatomical studies found roots in the secondary growth stage, with xylem-filled pith. The stem was in the primary growth stage, featuring a multi-layer cortex under its outermost single-layered epidermis, a pronounced endodermis and a central cylinder beneath. The leaves were thick, amphistomatic and covered with a prominent wax layer. Their mesophyll was equifacial, and their stoma type was anisocytic. A stomatal index of 26 was found for the upper epidermis, while a corresponding index of 28.4 was found for the lower epidermis. The pollens were monad, radially symmetrical and isopolar. The pollen type was colpate, and the pollen shape was found to be prolate-spheroidal with a P/E ratio of 1.08.

Keywords

Aethionema lepidioides anatomy Cruciferae endemic morphology pollen Turkey

Article Details

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Mehmet TEK?N

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Acta Botanica Croatica is an Open Access journal with minimal restrictions regarding content reuse. Immediately after publishing, all content becomes freely available to anyone for unlimited use and distribution, under the sole condition that the author(s) and the original source are properly attributed according to the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

CC BY 4.0 represents the highest level of Open Access, which maximizes dissemination of scholarly work and protects the rights of its authors. In Acta Botanica Croatica, authors hold the copyright of their work and retain unrestricted publishing rights.

By approving final Proof the authors grant to the publisher exclusive license to publish their article in print and on-line, in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY-4.0) license.

How to Cite
Tekin, M. (2022). A morphological, anatomical and palynological study of Aethionema lepidioides (Brassicaceae) - an endangered species endemic to Turkey. Acta Botanica Croatica, 81(1), 70–79. https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-003
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Abdel-Khalik, K., Van Den Berg, R.G., Van Der Maesen, J.G., El Hadidi, M.N., 2002: Pollen morphology of some tribes of Brassicaceae from Egypt and its systematic implications. Feddes Repertorium 113, 211–223.
  2. Al-Shehbaz, I.A., Beilstein, M.A., Kellogg, E.A., 2006: Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae): An overview. Plant Systematics and Evolution 259, 89–120.
  3. Al-Shehbaz, I.A., Mutlu, B., Dönmez, A.A., 2007: The Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) of Turkey, Updated. Turkish Journal of Botany 31, 327–336.
  4. Al-Shehbaz I.A., 2012: A generic and tribal synopsis of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). Taxon 61, 931–954.
  5. Atçeken, M.M., Dural, H., Çıtak, B.Y., 2016: The morphological, anatomical and palynological investigations on some taxa of genus Aethionema W. T. Aiton (Brassicaceae). Biodicon 9, 55–68.
  6. Birgi, F., Sezer, O., 2019: Morphological and Anatomical Investigations on Rare Endemic Aethionema turcicum (Brassicaceae). International Journal of Environmental Research and Technology 2, 74–78.
  7. Brochmann, C., 1992: Pollen and seed anatomy of Nordic Draba (Brassicaceae) phytogenetic and ecological implications. Nordic Journal of Botany 12, 657–673.
  8. Buth, G.M., Roshan, A., 1983: Seed coat anatomy of some cultivated Brassica. Phytomorphology 31, 69–78.
  9. Ceter, T., Geven, F., Sahin, A.A., Ceter, S., 2018: Exanimation of pollen morphology of some Aethionema (Brassicaceae), from Turkey. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series C Biology 27, 11–24.
  10. Davis, A.P., Barnett, J.R., 1997: The leaf anatomy of the genus Galanthus L. (Amaryllidaceae J. St.-Hil.). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 123, 333–352.
  11. Davis, H.P., 1965: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 1. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  12. Dural, H., Çıtak B.Y., 2020: The Anatomical Characteristics of Endemic Aethionema dumanii Vural & Adıgüzel (Brassicaceae). Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Crop and Nature Journal 23, 435–440.
  13. Ekim, T., Koyuncu, M., Vural, M., Duman, H., Aytaç, Z., Adıgüzel, N., 2000: Red Data Book of Turkish Plants, 79. Turkish Association for the Conservation of Nature, Ankara (In Turkish).
  14. Erdtman, G., 1972: Pollen morphology and plant taxonomy. Hofner Publishing Company, New York.
  15. Ertuğrul, K., 1989: İç Anadolu Bölgesi'nin bazı Aethionema R.Br. (Cruciferae) türleri üzerine taksonomik araştırmalar. PhD thesis. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya (in Turkish).
  16. Ertuğrul, K., 2012: Aethionema Aiton. In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M., Babaç, M.T. (eds), Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler), 246–248. Nezahet Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, İstanbul (in Turkish).
  17. Hedge, I.C., 1965: Aethionema R. Br. In: Davis, P. H., Mill, R. R., Tan, K. (eds.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands Vol. 1, 314–328. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  18. Hedge, I.C., 1968: Aethionema R. Br. & Moriera Boiss. In: Hedge, I.C., Rechinger, K.H. (eds.) Flora Iranica 57, 100–110. Academische Drucku. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
  19. Hedge, I.C., 1976: A Systematic and Geographical Survey of the Old World Cruciferae. In: MacLeod, A.J., Jones, B.M.G. (eds), The Biology and Chemistry of the Cruciferae, 1–45. Academic Press, London.
  20. Huber-Morath, A., 1963: Bauhinia 2, 192. Zeitschrift der Basler Botanischen Gesellschaft, Basel.
  21. İnceoğlu, Ö., Karamustafa, F., 1977: The pollen morphology of plants in Ankara region II. Cruciferae. Communication Faculty of Science University of Ankara Series C2 21, 111–118.
  22. Jensen, W.A., 1962: Botanical histochemistry: Principles and practice. W.H. Freeman and Company, London.
  23. Karaismailoğlu, M.C., 2016: Addition to characters of endemic Aubrieta canescens subsp. canescens Bornm. (Brassicaceae) from Turkey. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 45: 509–515.
  24. Karaismailoğlu, M.C., 2018: Seed mucilage content in Aethionema W.T. Aiton species and their significance in systematic and ecological aspects. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 47: 445–449.
  25. Karaismailoğlu, M.C., Erol, O., 2018: Seed structure and its taxonomic implications for genus Thlaspi sensu lato sections Nomisma, Thlaspi, and Pterotropis (Brassicaceae). Turkish Journal of Botany 42, 591–609.
  26. Karaismailoğlu, M.C., 2019: Comparative Morphology and Anatomy of Seeds of Some Aethionema W.T. Aiton (Brassicaceae) Taxa from Turkey. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 26, 1–12.
  27. Kaya, A., Ünal, M., Özgökçe, F., Doğan, B., Martin, E., 2011: Fruit and seed morphology of six species previously placed in Malcolmia (Brassicaceae) in Turkey and their taxonomic value. Turkish Journal of Botany 35, 653–662.
  28. Khalik, K., Maesen, L.J.G., 2002: Seed morphology of some tribes of Brassicaceae (Implication for taxonomy and species identification for the flora of Egypt). Blumea 47, 363–83.
  29. Koul, K.K., Nagpal, R., Raina, S.N., 2000: Seed coat microsculpturing in Brassica and Allied genera (Subtribes Brassicinae, Raphaninae, Morcandinae). Annals of Botany 86, 385–397.
  30. Meidner, H., Mansfield, T.A., 1968: Physiology of Stomata, 67–68. MacGraw Hill, London.
  31. Metcalfe, C.R., Chalk, L., 1950: Anatomy of Dicotyledones I, 79–87. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  32. Moazzeni, H., Al-Shehbaz, A.I., German, D.A., Assadi, M., Müller, J., Joharchi, M.R., Memariani, F., 2018: A taxonomic revision of the genus Aethionema S.L. (Brassicaceae) in Iran. Phytotaxa 356, 241–266.
  33. Mohammadin, S., Peterse, K., Van De Kerke, S.J., Chatrou, L.W., Dönmez, A.A., Mummenhoff, K., Pires, J.C., Edger, P.P., Al-Shehbaz, I.A., Schranz, M.E., 2017: Anatolian origins and diversification of Aethionema, the sister lineage of the core Brassicaceae. American Journal of Botany 104, 1042–1054.
  34. Pınar, N.M., Adıgüzel, N., Geven, F., 2007: Seed coat macrosculpturing in some Turkish Aethionema R. Br. (Brassicaceae). Pakistan Journal of Botany 39, 1025–1036.
  35. Punt, W., Hoen, PP., Blackmore, S., Nilsson, S., A Le Thomas, A.N., 2007: Glossary of Pollen and Spore Terminology. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 143, 1–81.
  36. Reile, M., 1992: Pollen et spores d’Europe et Afrique du Nord. Laboratoire de Botanique Historique et Palynologie, Marseille.
  37. Tantawy, M.E., Khalifa, S.F., Hassan, S.A., Al-Rabiai, G.T., 2004: Seed exomorphic characters of some Brassicaceae (LM and SEM Study). International Journal of Agriculture & Biology 6, 821–830.
  38. Tekin, M., Martin, E., 2017: Morphology, anatomy and karyology of endangered Turkish endemic Physoptychis haussknechtii Bornm. (Brassicaceae) from Central Anatolia. Acta Botanica Croatica 76, 36–40.
  39. Wodehouse, R.P., 1959: Pollen Grains. Hofner Publishing Company, New York.