First record of Sida rhombifolia L. (Malvaceae) for Italian flora: taxonomical and ecological investigation

Abstract

Sida rhombifolia L. (Malvaceae) has been reported for the first time in Italy. This species with a Paleotropical geographical origin is a new invasive alien species in the flora of Italy. It was already reported in several European countries as invasive species, but this plant is also known for its medicinal properties in many areas of the world. The species was found in anthropic environments of Sicily. In particular, the study area is localized in the Peloritani Mounts (NE Sicily) where the species was discovered in five stands. Our new discovery confirmed the role that anthropic activities have had in the spread of invasive alien species in Italy. Diagnostic features, ecological and geographic data are provided. From a phytosociological viewpoint, this plant characterizes a plant community that includes various nitrophilous species such as Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop., Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. and Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. In addition, the invasiveness of and impacts associated with this species were assessed with the use of the EPPO prioritization protocol. The specimens were deposited in the herbaria of Catania and Messina University.